Belize Guatamala territory dispute :: essays research papers

British lumberjacks set up settlements in the eventual Belize. The Spanish granted them the territory. When war broke out in Europe there was an attack which was repulsed. Over the next 20 years the British had grown into the assigned area and some unsettled areas of South America establishing the now existing Belize. The Spanish never had any rule over the territory. Up to 1859 the British continued to exercise exclusive jurisdiction over the settlement, further establishing administrative control and implementing a comprehensive legal and legislative system. In 1859 a treaty officially established the boundaries of Belize. In 1940 Guatemala declared the Treaty to be void, alleging failure to implement article 7 (That the British build a road which they never did) A new Guatemalan Constitution in 1945 declared Belize to be Guatemalan territory Belizean culture and nationality developed throughout the 19th century (and the British became the minority). Self-government was achieved in 1964, but full independence was delayed until 1981 only because of the Guatemalan claim to the territory. Guatemala changed its argument in 1999. it rested its case on the 18th century Treaties between Britain and Spain covering the area between the Hondo and the Sibun Rivers. Guatemala claimed that the area between the Sibun River and the Sarstoon River was 'illegally' occupied by Britain, and argued that the area south of Sibun up to the Sarstoon River must be "returned" to Guatemala together with all the cayes which were not included in those Treaties. The area thus claimed by Guatemala amounts to over 12,000 square kilometres, which is more than half of Belize's territory. The British occupied this territory when it was uninhabited and unsettled. Belize rests its case on two firm pillars: the right of a people to self- determination and the fact that Guatemala's claim is legally untenable. Negotiations began between Britain and Guatemala and Belize. In 1975 the UN General Assembly passed a resolution affirming Belize's right to secure independence with all its territory and declared that any proposals emerging from negotiations between Britain and Guatemala must respect this right In 1980, the UN resolution declared that Belize should become independent by the following year. The entire global community supported this decision the territory was perfected through the process of acquisitive prescription, which is a recognised means in International Law for acquiring title to territory Guatemala never occupied, nor did it ever exercise any control or jurisdiction over, any part of the territory of Belize.

Religion and Prejudice

I Will Never Be an Adventist! While growing up, I live In the same neighborhood with some staunch Adventists. I cannot tell but I Just have never been fascinated by going to church on Saturday? maybe It would be how the system made going to church on Saturday look. My friends had been called upon to do various sporting castles for the church, but It had never come to me to even visit them. I must confess, and may God forgive me my sins, that the Seventh Day Adventist church would have been the last church I would o and fellowship with.I had no basis for this prejudice. However, God works in mysterious ways and that is why I have always feared Him. It took an SAD clergy to convince me to be baptized. It was this pastor who made me see the need to be baptized when I happened to be at the Week of Spiritual Emphasis (WOES). I'm not saying my own church pastor couldn't convince to be baptized though?I wouldn't like to be drawn into any controversy. I'm Just giving honor to whom honor Is d ue. This pastor, As. Ballista, reiterated the words ofHushes Himalayas to Anomalous that until one Is born of water and the split, Just like Jesus Himself was, one cannot see the Kingdom of God. I had tried to be baptized, but I hadn't been able due to some circumstances beyond my control. At a time in my own church, I did my best to start the bible teaching leading to the baptism only to be discouraged getting to the latter part. I saw the opportunity given me at the WOES to make the most important decision in my life; to act upon my faith irrespective of my religious affiliation; and to seize the day–as the Astor said I may not get this opportunity again.In conformity with the church policy, the new converts of the WOES were to be baptized the following Sabbath, but I couldn't make It due to some occurrence best known to God only. An arrangement was made for me alone to be baptized the following Sabbath though, Finally on that day, the pastor called to Introduce me to the e ntire congregation, be endorsed and prayed for. As I walked through the aisles, unfortunately for me coming from the last column-seat at the back, my knees and eggs weakened as my steps felt awkward.I made it to the front of the congregation, the church was asked whether or not they consented to my baptismal, and they overwhelmingly accepted me. When I turned round to look at the number of hands in the air endorsing my baptismal, I was surprised and felt very special that day since I hadn't felt like that in a very long time. Now which faith baptized me of water and the spirit giving me the opportunity to, maybe, enter Heaven! Who am I to say I don't like the Adventist faith!I feel ashamed o call myself an Adventist, but I cannot change the purpose of God?I am Indeed an Adventist. While growing up, I live in the same neighborhood with some staunch Adventists. I maybe it would be how the system made going to church on Saturday look. My friends had been called upon to do various sport ing activities for the church, but it Emphasis (WOES). I'm not saying my own church pastor couldn't convince to be baptized though?I wouldn't like to be drawn into any controversy. I'm Just giving honor to whom honor is due.This pastor, As. Ballista, reiterated the words of Hushes Whimsical to Nicknames that until one is born of water and the spirit, Just like Jesus Himself was, one cannot see the Kingdom of God. Baptized the following Sabbath, but I couldn't make it due to some occurrence best following Sabbath though. Finally on that day, the pastor called to introduce me to maybe, enter Heaven! Who am I to say I don't like the Adventist faith! I feel ashamed to call myself an Adventist, but I cannot change the purpose of God?I am indeed an

Medicalization of Deviance

Today I will discuss the topic is about medicalization of deviance. Firstly, as the textbook defines medicalization of deviance: â€Å"the transformation of moral and legal deviance into a medical condition. † In this definition it includes two different parts moral and legal deviance, and medical condition. Our society provides a moral and legal standard for everyone live in this society. Society has enough power to judge someone is deviance or normal. Also the Criterion of Assessment is mandatory and determined.For example, if someone did bank robbery, he or she must be putted into prison by police. But in my opinion, the social judgment is not a perfect way to identify someone is normal or deviance because the real world has a clear hierarchy, the upper classes have more voice and decision-making power in this society. The judgment can also be said to be made in an unfair platform, such as a person do actions with an idea what is beyond the understanding of most people, and the society will label him or her as deviance. Medicalization gives us one more option.As Peter Conrad pointed out that medicalization makes the medical institution the dominant moral entrepreneur of our society. A sample example is Medicalization can try to best help some people are an addict of drugs, and the medical institution can use Professional skills to help these deviance people rovers. The clear distinction is that medicalization labels people as â€Å"ill† and treats these people as patient. In this aspect I think medicalization is a positive manner. On the other hand, C. Wright Mills is a sturdy supporter in society has a main effect on society issues.As he mentioned that we come to see how society affects us, we may support society as it is, or we may set out with others to change it. However, the pros and cons of medicalization bring a question which is how to define what is â€Å"normal†, what is â€Å"deviance†. An actual issue has appeared in à ¢â‚¬Å"juiced† athletes. Some athletes are users of performance enhancing drugs to help them exceed others in the professional sport. I think the additional help is a cheating action. The action makes this equal competition become unfair. Also such acts must be punished in order to prevent its spread.These â€Å"juiced† athletes are not subscribing to contemporary cultural norms and values because if audients and other pure athletes are leaded to this â€Å"juiced† Value-oriented, the game or sport will ever lose its worth. Overall, In fact many deviance people pretty need help to treat them into individual problem in the society. But these deviants should suffer punishment for their actions. In addition, each case is different and should be looked at differently as to whether punishment is required or not. Reference: John J, Macionis and Linda M, Gerber. 2008. Sixth Canadian Edition: Sociology. Toronto, CA: Pearson Education Canada Press. |

How To Write Dates in Spanish

How To Write Dates in Spanish There is  a variety of subtle differences between writing common things in English and in Spanish. Such is the case with writing dates in the two languages: Where in English one might say February 5, 2019, a Spanish writer would express the date as 5 de febrero de 2019. Key Takeaways: Writing Dates in Spanish The most common way of writing dates in Spanish follows the form number de month de year.Names of the months are not capitalized in Spanish.With the exception of primero for first, the ordinal numbers are not used in dates in Spanish. Note that in Spanish the name of the month isnt capitalized. You can also spell out the number - as in cinco de enero de 2012 - but this is less common than using a numeral in the example above. However, in parts of Latin America, especially in areas with U.S. influence, you may also see the form abril 15 de 2018 in occasional use, and rarely you may see a period used in the year such as 2.006. Another important distinction is that in Spanish you should not imitate English by using ordinal forms such as tercero de marzo as a direct translation of third of March. The one exception is that you may say primero for first, so January 1st can be said as primero de enero. In numeral form, thats 1o, or a 1 followed by superscripted o, not a degree sign. Less commonly, the form 1ero is used. As in the examples below, dates are typically preceded by the definite article el in sentences. Sample Sentences Showing Use of Dates in Spanish El 16 de septiembre de 1810 era  el dà ­a de independencia de Mà ©xico. (Sept. 16, 1810, was Mexicos independence day.) La Epifanà ­a se celebras el 6 de enero de cada aà ±o en los paà ­ses hispanohablantes. (Epiphany is celebrated in Jan. 6 of each year in Spanish-speaking countries.) El 1 de enero es el primer dà ­a del aà ±o en el calendario gregoriano. (Jan. 1 is the first month of the year of the Gregorian calendar.) El proceso de recuento parcial comenzà ³ el 3 de mayo y todavà ­a continà ºa. (The partial recount process began on May 3 and still continues.) Desde el aà ±o de 1974, el primero de julio celebramos el Dà ­a del Ingeniero en Mà ©xico. (Since the year 1974, we celebrate the Day of the Engineer on July 1st.) Use of Roman Numerals and Abbreviated Forms In abbreviated form, Spanish typically follows a day-month-year pattern using a capitalized Roman numeral for the month. The units may be separated by spaces, slashes, or hyphens. Thus the abbreviated form of July 4, 1776, can be written in these ways: 4 VII 1776, 4/VII/1776, and 4-VII-1776. Theyre the equivalent of 7/4/1776 in American English or 4/7/1776 in British English. Common forms used for B.C. are aC and a. de C. -   for antes de Cristo  or before Christ - with variations in punctuation and sometimes the use of J.C. (Jesucristo) instead of merely using the letter  C. In scholarly writing, you may use AEC  as the equivalent of the English BCE, which means antes de la Era Comà ºn  or Before the Common Era. The equivalent of A.D. is despuà ©s de Cristo  or after Christ and can be abbreviated d. de C.  or dC  with the same variations as noted above. You also may use EC  (Era Comà ºn) for CE (Common Era). The abbreviations AEC  and EC  are even less commonly used in Spanish than their English equivalents are in English, mainly because they arent universally understood. They normally shouldnt be used unless demanded by the context, such as if writing for publication in an academic journal. Pronouncing the Years The years in Spanish are pronounced the same as other cardinal numbers are. Thus, for example, the year 2040 would be pronounced as dos mil cuarenta. The English custom of pronouncing the centuries separately - in English we typically say twenty-forty instead of two thousand forty - is not followed. Saying veinte cuarenta instead of dos mil cuarenta would strike native Spanish speakers as the mark of an English speaker. Using Prepositions With Dates Spanish does not use a preposition as the equivalent of on when indicating that something happens on a particular date. The date itself functions as an adverbial phrase, as it does in English when on is omitted. Such examples include la masacre ocurrià ³ el 14 de marzo wherein the phrase means The massacre occurred on March 14, with the Spanish word for on (en) not used. Similarly in English, one could correctly say The massacre occurred March 14.   During or throughout, on the other hand, can be added into the phrase by including the Spanish word for this, durante.  Such is the case in the Spanish version of the sentence Space exploration began during the 20th Century, which can be written as Durante el siglo XX dio comenzà ³ la exploracià ³n espacial.

Tips on Writing a Religion Essay Topics and Handling Structure

Tips on Writing a Religion Essay Topics and Handling Structure Tips on Writing a Religion Essay: Topics and Handling Structure Religion has always been interesting and thought-provoking since the existence of man on earth. The man’s mind was curious to find out the wonders of nature that could not be comprehended by tribes and the society at large. An essay about religion is likely to be assigned to you if your area of study involves religion, sociology or literature. At first you might be puzzled by the task. Especially if you are an international student. However, our tips are supposed to help you out. Read on! Structure of the Essay on Religion An excellent essay has several characteristics such as coherence, properly structured and thought of and ultimately, a glimpse of the analysis. An essay should not be complicated because it is not a research article. Through an essay, your professor can assess your capability of reasoning ideas and communicate them in a brief and transparent way. So here are 3 major pieces of advice you should follow: Start with the introduction of the essay. Engage your reader through putting forward an interesting and controversial argument. You may enlarge your introduction by adding background information that relates to the context. Substantiate your thesis by developing your unique line of reasoning. You should be informative and straight to the point. It is wise to choose three to five persuasive arguments that are applicable to your religion course. Organize your illustration such that they start from the weakest to the strongest and thought-provoking. If you keep the readers focused, everybody will be interested in your topic. The conclusion is the part that matters most since some of the readers are usually not eager to read your entire work. If they do not feel captured by your conclusion, then they will not read your work at all. It is critical for you to use your knowledge and summon your energy when you write your introduction and conclusion. At this stage, you need to briefly state your main points and emphasize your thesis statement. This section has a similar size to your introduction. Religion Essay Topics An essay about diverse religions will help you understand the area of study and how to use the theoretical framework. But which topic should you concentrate on? Below are some of the most widely-discussed topics: Gender Issues in Hinduism. Polygamous Marriages in Islamic Tradition. What Drives People to Change Their Religion? Should Religious Leaders Play an Active Role in Politics? Why Is the Bible the Most Popular Book in the World? Should Teen Marriages Be Allowed in the Church? Did any topic catch your attention? Then grab it and start exploring it in order to write an amazing religion essay.

Personal Statement for Postgraduate Study Applications Essay

Personal Statement for Postgraduate Study Applications - Essay Example Nevertheless, it allowed me to define what career I would like to choose. My graduate education showed me the importance of organization in business sphere that is why I choose business management as a possible career. Management is getting things done through other people (Caroselli, 1). As for me, good organization is crucial for getting positive results in any sphere of business. A good manager is a person, who can plan, control, motivate and reward the employees. I feel I need the education that would give me those skills. Another sphere, which makes me interested, is economic and finance. I feel that this course should help me to enhance my knowledge in the peculiarities of financial management of the company. I've always felt the importance of acquiring skills in money management. I hope this course can teach me the mechanics of financial functioning of the company, and provide knowledge on the mechanisms of getting profits and minimizing losses. In addition, I've always been interest in global economics. I hope that an advanced course in economic and finance may grant me deeper insight into this issue. For me working with schedules and deadlines is the most challenging issue.

A case study of social movement or collective action event by ethnic Essay

A case study of social movement or collective action event by ethnic group(s) - Essay Example Discussions of discrimination can raise the blood pressure of even the most neutral person. On the one hand, there are those who steadfastly claim there is no such thing as discrimination in the mortgage industry: everyone is an â€Å"equal opportunity housing lender,† after all; it says so right on the application. On the other hand, there are those who have examined the issue with as much neutrality as possible and have arrived universally at one conclusion: all things being equal (such as similar credit reports, income, and down payments) African Americans are the victims of predatory, abusive, and discriminatory mortgages at a sickening rate. Just a quick glance at a few numbers: In 1993, approximately 100,000 subprime loans were originated. In 2001, more than a million subprime loans were originated. In 2008, more than 65 percent of subprime loans were refinances, not direct purchase (ACORN.org). Racial discrimination is often hidden and it certainly can be inadvertent. This does not excuse banks and mortgage brokers accused of discrimination. Three major organizations address this as a part of their foundation missions, and steps have been taken to remedy the problem, such as neutral research, education, and collective action. Before we can understand what organizations and the collective actions of individuals do to expose the problem of discriminatory lending, we must define what we mean by predatory and abusive mortgage loans. Once we have created a broad definition of discriminatory lending, we must seek to understand how the African American community can fall victim to such practices on a broad level through a culture of overt and inadvertent discrimination. The major leaders and organizations involved in exposing the problem have a multi-pronged approach to the problem, and institutional recognition of the problem lends strength to individual collective action. Final ly, there are several effective